In the postmenopausal state, the declines in estrogen and progesterone as well as the symptoms of mood changes, fatigue, insomnia, anxiety, and depression that women experience during the transition phase of menopause predispose them to sleep disturbances and reduced insulin resistance regulation, thus increasing their risk of glucose metabolism disorders and T2DM (102–104). The gene discussed is INS; the disease is type 2 diabetes mellitus.