GD3S is the only enzyme that regulates the biosynthesis of GD3.12,13,44 Recently, it has been reported that GD3S gene expression was regulated by DNA methylation at the promoter regions in gliomas, highlighting the role of GD3S epigenetic profile in the regulation of glioma phenotype and malignancy.45 Regarding the glioma cell distribution of GD3, it was mainly located in clusters on the cell surface, but it was also observed in the cytoplasm of tumor cells. The gene discussed is ST8SIA1; the disease is glioma.