UBA1 and Alzheimer disease: Other molecular mechanisms related to cellular health and maintenance of repair include the ubiquitin–proteasomal pathway, which was shown to be differentially regulated in multiple cortical brain regions, in both resilient and AD compared to control donors [187], while more recently ubiquitin-like modifier activating enzyme 1 (UBA1) was shown to be associated with resilience after correcting for pathological comorbidities [99].