Other examples of tumor suppressors include DHRS3 and CES1. Meanwhile, inverse correlations of NRG1 and ITGB4 between DNA CpG hypomethylation and gene overexpression were found to be linked to T. medium and C. morbi abundance, respectively (Fig. 4e), implying the potential of tumor-enriched bacteria to alter DNA methylation that might translate into activated gene expression. This evidence concerns the gene ITGB4 and neoplasm.