PPARGC1A and Cachexia: For instance, RYUNI et al. report that Ginsenoside Rg3 enhances mitochondrial biogenesis by promoting the activity of PGC-1α and the expression of its mitochondrial biogenetic transcription factors, nuclear respiratory factor 1(NRF1), and TFAM, effectively preventing mitochondrial dysfunction in myotubes induced by dexamethasone (DEX) and suggesting its potential in alleviating cachexia [17].