MDK and neoplasm: MDK has been reported expressed in a variety of tumor tissue and contributed to tumor‐associated inflammation.[34] It serves as an internal modulator of paracrine and autocrine signals and maintains the immune‐resistant state in aggressive tumors.[35] The MDK signaling pathway could promote immunosuppressive macrophage differentiation in cancer tissue, while the extent to which MDK regulates the immune‐microenvironment after bone injury is unknown.[36] This study demonstrated that Mdk/Lrp1 was enriched at bone defect regions and the expression level of MDK was also upregulated in MgphiMSCs.