In Burkina Faso, previous studies have focused on certain genetic factors and breast and prostate cancers, in particular HLA-DRB1*11 1*12, TP53 and CHEK2, BRCA1, and 943ins10 [21,22,23]; exons of BRCA1 and BRCA2 [24]; R462Q (rs 486907) and D541E (rs 627928) of RNASEL gene [25]; Ser217Leu and Ala541Thr of ELAC2 gene [26]; and ERCC1 (rs3212986) and ERCC2 (rs1799793, rs13181) [27]. The gene discussed is BRCA1; the disease is prostate cancer.