FOXO1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus: In a type 2 diabetic rat liver injury model induced by high-fat and high-sugar feeding combined with intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin, gavage of P. frutescens leaf polysaccharide at 0.15, 0.30, 0.60 g/kg for 28 days significantly reduced the levels of MDA, C-reactive protein, IL-6, TNF-α, and acetylated forkhead transcription factor protein in liver tissues, while the activities of glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), catalase (CAT), and SOD as well as the expression of sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) and FoxO1 proteins in liver tissues were significantly elevated (73).