GSDMD and triple-A syndrome: Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a prevalent vascular condition marked by cellular physiological modifications driven by active metabolites.437,438 Gao et al. demonstrated that vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC)-specific GSDMD defects reduced the incidence of AAA in a mouse model.439 Mechanistically, GSDMD enhances ER stress-CHOP signaling, which subsequently stimulates the expression of ornithine decarboxylase 1 (ODC1), an enzyme that mediates an increase in putrescine levels.