Among single and multiple autoantibody subjects, the non-HLA risk variant PTPN22 risk allele (T/T) was associated with faster progression to T1D after appearance of the first and second autoantibodies, indicating a higher risk subgroup, while the INS risk allele had no impact on the risk of progression to T1D40. The gene discussed is PTPN22; the disease is type 1 diabetes mellitus.