Using the TCGA dataset we analysed the survival of patients who we expect to have greater prevalence of the novel CAF-S5 (based on bulk high expression of FAP and PDPN in the patient and low αSMA) across four solid organ cancers: liver hepatocellular, pancreatic adenocarcinoma, breast invasive carcinoma and renal clear cell carcinoma (Fig. 6e, cox regression analysis shown in Supplementary Fig. 4C). Here, PDPN is linked to clear cell renal carcinoma.