Vancomycin and imipenem are hydrophilic drugs that benefit fromhydrophilic interactions such as hydrogen bonding with polar aminoacids in lactoferrin to facilitate their inclusion in the nanoparticles.Lactoferrin nanoparticles as carriers for such drug combinations wereprepared and applied to macrophage intracellular infection modelsto challenge the targeting concept. This evidence concerns the gene LTF and infection.