This evaluation encompassed patients receiving different forms of immunotherapy: patients with melanoma treated with anti-PD-1 (GSE78220; N = 26), patients with non-small cell lung cancer treated with anti-PD-1/PD-L1 therapy (GSE135222; N = 27), individuals with bladder cancer undergoing BCG immunotherapy (GSE176307; N = 90), and patients with upper urinary tract tumors treated with anti-PD-L1 immunotherapy (IMvigor210CoreBiologies; N = 348). Here, CD274 is linked to non-small cell lung carcinoma.