MOG and Peripheral demyelination: First, we affinity-purified MOG, SARS-CoV-2 S and SARS-CoV-2 N protein-specific antibodies from serum samples of patients with MOGAD after SARS-CoV-2 infection (n = 11) or vaccination (n = 4) and six controls (four MOGAD before the SARS-CoV-2 pandemics and two MOG-IgG-negative demyelination cases after SARS-CoV-2 vaccination (details are shown in Table 1 and Supplementary Table 1).