Patients with melanoma resistant to anti-PD-(L)1 therapy exhibited a distinct subpopulation of CD8+ T cells characterized by high levels of oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS), CD38 and CD39 expressions, and markers of exhaustion such as TOX, PD-1, and C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 13. Here, PDCD1 is linked to melanoma.