TGFB1 and Alzheimer disease: Furthermore, a neonatal treatment with fluoxetine has long-term enduring effects in Ts65Dn mice, restoring cognitive impairment and preventing early symptoms of AD-like pathology (Stagni et al., 2015), but it remains presently unknown whether chronic treatment with fluoxetine can prevent the cognitive impairment in individuals with DS by the rescue of TGF-β1 concentrations.