Consequently, the inhibition of HMGB1 levels in CM from shNC TAMs using glycyrrhizin led to a notable reduction of tumor cell proliferation, while the exogenous addition of rHMGB1 rescued the enhanced growth of glioma cells in GPR65-silenced TAMs (Figs. 6G-H & S6A-C). Here, HMGB1 is linked to glioma.