NAE1 and nasopharyngeal carcinoma: In glioblastoma, the levels of NAE1, UBA3 and UBE2M are increased significantly with positively correlation of high-grade malignancy and postoperative recurrence as well as worse overall survival of patients.338 The protein levels of UBE2M, RBX1, and SAG/RBX2 are elevated in pancreatic cancer tissues, and NAE1 and UBE2M are higher in osteosarcoma tissues than adjacent normal tissues.339–341 The elevated NEDD8 expression in nasopharyngeal carcinoma is correlated with positivity of lymph node metastasis, shorter disease-free survival and poor overall patient survival.342