COPS5 and Other metabolic disease: Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by infiltration of blood vessels by lipids and leukocytes, which is mostly caused by metabolic disorders.266 Deneddylase CSN5 was found to be overexpressed in human atherosclerotic lesions,267 and mice lacking myeloid Csn5 developed larger atherosclerotic lesions.183 Finally, the histone deacetylase 6 (HDAC6) is also involved in modulating atherosclerosis, and inhibition of HDAC6 neddylation significantly increases its activity to protect against endothelial dysfunction and atherosclerosis.145