TGFB1 and breast cancer: Nanocarriers representa promising platform for offering a valuableapproach to modulating EMT-related pathways.57 Zhou et al. reported that codelivering doxorubicin and a transforminggrowth factor beta (TGF-β) receptor inhibitor via a nanocarriereffectively inhibits the TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway, resultingin suppressed EMT progression in breast cancer cells.58 Notably, the distinct pharmacokinetic profiles of differentdrug components can introduce complexities that may affect the synergisticeffects of combined therapy in vivo.