A study in HF diet-fed mice revealed that α-lactalbumin (a major component of whey protein) significantly upregulated the expression of lipid oxidation-related genes such as PPARα (peroxisome proliferator- activated receptor α, ACOX1 (Acetyl-CoA oxidase) and ATGL (adipose triglyceride lipase) in the liver while down-regulated the expression of lipid synthesis- related genes such as ACC1(Acetyl-CoA carboxylase) and SCD1 (Stearoyl-CoA desaturase). The gene discussed is SCD; the disease is hydrops fetalis.