KRAS and colorectal carcinoma: To delve into the relationship between KRAS mutation-associated gut microbiota and TIICs, we initiated our study by constructing a bar graph illustrating the composition of 22 distinct types of TIICs in a cohort of nine CRC patients (refer to Fig. 5A), which effectively showcased the distinctive characteristics of the tumor microenvironment unique to each individual of CRC patients.