Upregulation of pro-inflammatory signaling in H. pylori infection, such as the secretion of interleukin-8 and other cytokines (El Filaly et al., 2023), drives the chronic inflammation underpinning gastritis and increases risk for peptic ulcer disease and gastric carcinomas (Robinson et al., 2007; Lamb and Chen, 2013; White and Winter, 2015). Here, CXCL8 is linked to gastritis.