STING1 and cancer: For example, research on nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells demonstrated that ISG15 expressed in cancer cells limited the adaptive immune response and promoted tumor progression, while other studies have found that STING activation led to IFN production and subsequent conversion of monocytes from immunosuppressive to immunostimulatory as well as upregulation of chemokines, such as CCL5 and CXCL10.54,64,65