Although TGF-β signaling does not seem to regulate expression of NCK1-AS1, this lncRNA was highly expressed in prostate carcinomas and underexpressed in normal or even benign hyperplastic prostate tissue and seems to activate TGFB1 mRNA and TGF-β signaling via as yet unknown molecular mechanism (87). The gene discussed is TGFB1; the disease is prostate carcinoma.