Of the 40 recurrences detected at day 42, 6 were found to be recrudescent infections (true treatment failure), 5 gave non-conclusive genotyping results (3 in Kouvé and 2 in Anié of the AL-treated groups), and 29 were classified as new infections (based on the genotyping approach using nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) targeting the highly polymorphic genes msp1 and msp2, and the microsatellite marker poly-α and the WHO/MMV match-counting algorithm (3/3), as recommended by the WHO) [42]. Here, ATAD1 is linked to infection.