Ioannis [36] found that ureaplasma infection stimulates the production of proinflammatory cytokines, reflected by the significant positive relationship of levels of cytokine expression and ureaplasma derived gene ureC through TLR signalling, especially increased TNFα, IL-1β, CXCL-1 and CXCL-2 cytokine expression in foetal membranes, placenta and the myometrium. The gene discussed is TNF; the disease is Ureaplasma urethritis.