TGFB1 and pulmonary fibrosis: On the other hand, gentiopicroside has anti-inflammatory and anti-fibrotic effects, in which alveolar epithelial cells and TGF-β may be the main target cells and molecules of gentiopicroside for the treatment of bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis, respectively, and therefore, it may be an ideal candidate for the treatment of pulmonary fibrosis (Chen et al., 2018).