TNF and colitis: The role of scIL-27 was confirmed in TNBS-induced colitis mice and DSS-induced colitis mice (194), by which scIL-27-treated colitis mice revealed reduced severity of colitis, evidenced by recovery of body weight; reduced DAI score; improved colon length; reduction in macroscopic scores; reduced expression of IL-1β, IL-6, TNFα, IL-10, IFNγ, and IL-17A; less severity of transmural inflammation characterized by ulceration; loss of goblet cells; and tissue disruption throughout the colon.