FGFR3 and achondroplasia: Comparably, a mutation in the fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 (FGFR3) in people, which causes an achondroplasia phenotype (39) is associated with lumbar spinal stenosis and more diffuse degenerative changes throughout the entire lumbar vertebral column, differing from the high incidence of IVDD focally at the lumbosacral junction in people without an achondroplasia phenotype (40, 41).