Recent studies have suggested that SA and SB may not only reduce the hepatitis response by improving the entero–liver axis, but also directly regulate hepatic immune cells, reduce the release of pro-inflammatory factors (IL-1β, TNF-α, and IL-1) in the liver, and increase the expression of anti-inflammatory factors (IL-4 and IL-10) [55, 56]. This evidence concerns the gene TNF and hepatitis A virus infection.