As regards DSCAM and FOXP1, although these genes were not significantly associated with left-handedness in the context of exome-wide multiple testing, they showed evidence for association with left-handedness in a targeted look-up of 43 genes that were previously implicated in autism, schizophrenia, Parkinson’s disease or Alzheimer’s disease at exome-wide significant levels, by large-scale studies40,41,51,52. This evidence concerns the gene FOXP1 and Alzheimer disease.