Consistent with dupilumab-associated inhibition of type 2 cytokines7, we found downregulation of inflammatory keratins KRT16, KRT6A, KRT6B, and KRT6C, and upregulation of the barrier markers IVL and SPINK5 in keratinocytes of DAHND compared to untreated AD groups (Fig. 7D). Here, IVL is linked to Alzheimer disease.