IFNA1 and colorectal carcinoma: A previous study demonstrated that Ube2v1 promotes the growth and metastasis of CRC by epigenetically suppressing autophagy.45 An additional report showed that PKCλ/ι activation suppresses both autophagy and IFN signaling, and thus prevents immunoevasion in CRC.46 These findings imply that autophagy may have differential influences at distinct stages of tumorigenesis.