Several studies have identified IL-1α as a promoter of plaque inflammation and atherosclerosis,7,8 and investigations into the role of IL-33 in atherosclerosis have yielded divergent findings.9,10 IL-36 has been suggested to play a role in the response to myocardial ischaemia,11 and reports have suggested a pro-inflammatory effect of IL-36 in atherosclerosis as well.12,13. This evidence concerns the gene IL1A and atherosclerosis.