Given that PSA is a classcal predictor for PRAD risks, we found that PSA levels could effectively predict the progression risks of patients with 3-year AUC = 0.719, 5-year AUC = 0.716 and 7-year AUC = 0.765 (Fig. 4E). The gene discussed is KLK3; the disease is prostate adenocarcinoma.