(39, 40) found that THEM 4 (carboxy-terminal regulatory protein, CTMP) as a mitochondrial protein has a certain role in lung cancer, which can prevent the interaction between cytochrome c and APAF-1 (apoptosis enzyme activator) by inhibiting heat shock protein 27, so as to promote mitochondria-mediated cell apoptosis, and then inhibit the progression of lung cancer. Here, APAF1 is linked to lung carcinoma.