Besides, based on upstream analysis of differentially expressed genes, it was predicted that high expression of CSMD1 in glioma samples resulted in the inhibition of several cytokines that regulate inflammation including IFNG, TNF, IFNA2, IL17A, IL1A, IFNL1, IL27 and IL6 along with inhibition of NF-kB, MAP2K1/2, P38 MAPK, ERK, EGFR and MAPK14 (Supplementary Table 4). Here, TNF is linked to central nervous system cancer.