An in-depth analysis of patients with EGFR mutations in ctDNA indicated that the L858R mutation, whether identified in tumor tissue or ctDNA, serves as a marker for shortened overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS), which underscores the potential of the L858R mutation in ctDNA as both a diagnostic and prognostic marker for lung cancer [129]. This evidence concerns the gene EGFR and lung cancer.