Since these in vitro and in vivo findings demonstrated the immune contribution of CD61+ cancer-specific T cells toward tumor control, we explored the possible clinical relevance of the CD61+ TILs on patients’ overall survival (OS) probability, in a cohort of patients with lung cancer (LC) and a cohort of patients with skin cutaneous melanoma (SCM) from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database12,22–24. This evidence concerns the gene ITGB3 and laryngotracheoesophageal cleft.