DNTT and neoplasm: Furthermore, the highest level of tumor cell death appeared in both targeted nanocarriers treatment groups, with or without irradiation, as shown by hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT)-mediated dUTP-biotin nick end labeling (TUNEL) staining of the tumor tissues (Fig. 7f).