The detailed information on the proteins encoded by the signature genes and their functions are showed in Supplementary Table 6, The mRNA expression analysis showed that CXCR4, RDH8, MAGEA11, CYP19A1, SHOX2, GRB14, SLC35E4, NEK5, AKAP5, MSI2, and KYNU were upregulated in the GC samples, whereas PLCL1 was downregulated in GC patients (Fig. 3A). This evidence concerns the gene RDH8 and gastric cancer.