CD274 and autoimmune disease: The PD-1/PD-L1(L2) signaling is known to regulate immune tolerance in many immune-mediated diseases, including cancer, autoimmune diseases, and, as emphasized recently, in chronic inflammation and regulates T cell activation negatively and regulates the generation and function of Treg (Adamczyk & Krasowska, 2021; Filippone et al., 2022).