Significant differences were observed in the occurrence of plasmacytoid DCs and Th2 cells in gliomas with varying levels of TNFRSF19 expression, with higher levels found in tumors with increased TNFRSF19 expression compared to those with decreased TNFRSF19 expression (P < 0.05, Fig. 7D). Here, TNFRSF19 is linked to glioma.