Kaplan-Meier survival analysis demonstrated a strong association between elevated TNFRSF19 levels and unfavorable clinical outcomes in gliomas across all three cohorts (log-Rank test P < 0.05, Fig. 4G–I), consistent with findings from the internal cohort utilizing IHC (log-Rank test P < 0.05, Fig. 4J). Here, TNFRSF19 is linked to central nervous system cancer.