In earlier studies, serum OPN levels were associated with liver fibrosis in patients with MASH and correlated with liver stiffness in patients with cirrhosis, while OPN-neutralizing antibody reduced MASH in mice, suggesting that serum OPN levels serve as noninvasive biomarkers for liver fibrosis progression (25–27). The gene discussed is SPP1; the disease is metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis.