CSF3 and viral infectious disease: Additionally, a proliferating‐inducing ligand (APRIL) was highly expressed only in NHBE cultures infected with IAV and OC43 (Figure 3A,C) and granulocyte‐colony stimulating factor (G‐CSF), which promote pro‐inflammatory response in lungs during viral infection, was moderately expressed in cells infected with IBV and OC43 (Figure 3B,D).