Given that the significant upregulation of the COX-2 gene is observed in Taiwanese CRSwNP patients12 but a controversial result is observed in a worldwide population, this study sought to investigate the expression, location, and distribution of COX-2 protein in the NP specimens of CRSwNP patients and to confirm whether the corresponding COX-2 protein is upregulated in parallel. The gene discussed is PTGS2; the disease is chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps.