Because Resistin binding to CAP1 leads to nuclear factor (NF)-κB activation via the cyclic adenosine 3′,5′ monophosphate (cAMP)/protein kinase A (PKA) pathway8, we speculated that PCSK9 binding to CAP1 may switch on pro-inflammatory signaling and further aggravate atherosclerosis independently of LDLR. This evidence concerns the gene PCSK9 and atherosclerosis.