Specifically, CTCs of epithelial ovarian cancer were analyzed, marked as epithelial cell adhesion molecules (EpCAM+) CTCs and MUC1, and as other surface markers indicating epithelial-mesenchymal transition (CD117, CXCR4)51–53, or tumor immune escape (PDL1)54. This evidence concerns the gene CXCR4 and ovarian carcinoma.