FNDC5 and heart failure: This is achieved by activating the irisin/reactive oxygen species/uncoupling protein 2 pathway, which establishes a novel equilibrium for myocardial mitochondrial oxidative stress.[21] Therefore, physical activity can reduce damage to the heart muscles and discourage cell death via these interconnected routes, which reduces the extent of cardiac restructuring, enhances heart performance, and slows the advancement of cardiac insufficiency.