ABCA3 and newborn respiratory distress syndrome: ABCA3 mutation-based deficiency is among the most common causes of hereditary surfactant deficiency in the pulmonary regions.[8] This pathological condition has been considered in severe neonatal respiratory distress syndrome in cases of failed conventional treatments.[9] The functional abnormality of the ABCA3 gene often leads to the rapid progression of neonatal distress syndrome, resulting in the death of the patient within the first 3 months of life.[9] In our case, 2 variants of the ABCA3 gene were identified by sequencing the patient sample.